American Republic Chapter 9

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1.) Who were the main candidates in the election of 1824?

John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson

2.) Which of the 4 main candidates received the most votes?

Andrew Jackson

3.) Who chose the president in the election of 1824?

House of Representitives

4.) Whom did they choose?

John Quincy Adams

5.) What is a tariff?

A tax on imported goods

6.) WHat area of the country was angry about the "tariff of abominations"?

The South

7.) Who was elected president in the election of 1828?

Andrew Jackson

8.) What is mudslinging?

Making malicious statements about opponents

9-12.) Name 4 reasons the election of 1828 was unique.

Voter turnout was higher from changes in voting requirements, new techniques by making posters, editorials, banners, testimonials, barbeques, banquets, torchlight parades, mudslinging was introduced-making malicious statements about opponents, and new political parties- Democrats and National Republican

13.) What was the spoils system?

Handing out government jobs to loyal followers

14.) Name one advantage and one disadvantage of the spoils system?

A: A way to get rid of opposing officials, gives the party in charge more "muscle",
D:Did not encourage efficiency or high qualifications, aided growth of political machines, set an unwise precedent

15.) What was Jackson's "Kitchen Cabinet"?

Jackson's close friends who advised him

16.) How did white men view Indians during the Jacksonian Era?

They were not viewed as real people

17.) How did many Indians view white men during the Jacksonian Era?

They viewed them as greedy

18.) How did the US government treat the Indian tribes?

As foreign nations

19.) Which tribe of Indians was forcibly moved from Georgia?

Cherokees

20.) What was the name given to this move and why?

"Trail of Tears", because of sad treatment of the Cherokees (about 4,000 died along the way)

21.) What Indian created an alphabet for his tribe?

Sequoyah

22.) Name two other tribes moved by the government during Jackson's presidency.

Saux, Fox, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws

23.) What caused the "Black Hawk War?"

Black Hawk's people were starving, so he took them back to their old land to find food and the white settlers panicked.

24-26.) Define the following: Tariff, Revenue Tariff, Protective Tariff

Tariff: a tax on imported goods
RT: A tariff designed to raise money
PT: protected American industries from foreign competition

27.) Which section of the country generally favored tariffs?

North

28.) Which section of the country generally opposed tariffs?

South

29.) What was the "theory of nullification"?

A state could declare a federal law unconstitutional by refusing to enforce it

30.) Who was the vice-president who promoted the theory of nullification?

John C Calhoun

31.) What state was Daniel Webster from and how did he feel about nullification?

Massachusetts; he opposed it

32.) What state was Robert Hayne from and how did he feel about nullification?

Supported it, South Carolina

33.) What was Webster's famous quote from his Senate speech?

"Liberty AND Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!"

34.) What happened when Calhoun and Jackson disagreed over nullification?

Calhoun resigned

35.) Which state threatened to secede over the Tariff of 1832?

South Carolina

36.) Who worked out a compromise tariff in 1833?

Henry Clay

37.) Who was the president of the National Bank?

Nicholas Biddle

38.) How did Andrew Jackson "kill" the National Bank?

He started putting money in 89 other "pet"/state banks

39.) Who was Jackson's "hand-picked" successor for the election of 1836?

Martin Van Buren

40.) What was the Whig strategy in 1836?

They placed several candidates in several locations: Harrison in Mid-Atlantic + western states, Hugh L White in Tennesse, Daniel Webster in MA

41.) What was the main problem during Van Buren's presidency?

Economic Depression

42.) WHo ran against Van Buren in the election of 1840?

William Henry Harrison

43.) What was this man's campaign slogan?

"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!"

44.) How long did Harisson serve as president?

4 weeks

45.) Why was John Tyler called "His Accidency" and "Man without a Party?"

He became president when Harrison died in office; vetoed bill made by Henry Clay, Whig leader, which got him kicked out of the party and all the Whigs on his cabinet resigned.

46.) During Jackson's presidency, describe the treatment of the Indians.

They ruled in favor of parties, they broke treaties, they removed Cherokees from their homes, and the Black Hawk War happened.

47.) Specie Circular was:

Because of inflation, buying federal land required gold/silver, which led to a distrust in paper money

48.) Difference between Whigs/Democrats?

Whigs: in favor of National Bank, the protective tariff was good, moral laws, applauded Sunday-closing laws, wanted to outlaw alcohol, Northern Whigs saw slavery as sinful.
D: morality should not be legislated

49.) What is the lame-duck period?

The time between the election and when the new president takes office.