How is Zika transmitted (3 ways)
1) Aedes Mosquito
2) Pregnant women to fetus
3) Sexually transmitted
What is the presentation of Zika?
1 in 5 infected are symptomatic. Similar to dengue, mild and self limiting lasting between 4-7days.
- fever
- rash
- joint pain, muscle pain
- headache
- conjunctivitis
What are the possible general complications of Zika
Neurological complications (Rare)
What is the incubation period for zika
Symptoms appear 3-12 days from bite.
What are the specific complications of Zika in Pregnancy?
1) microcephaly (small numbers)
Hence, test in pregnant women if believe to be symptomatic, consult O&G.
What are the implications of Zika Diagnosis
1) Pregnant women - refer O&G
2) Safe sex 3/12 after diagnosis
3) Test sexual partners
Considerations in Testing for Zika (non-pregnant)
Not necessarily needed as self-limiting and no special medications.
But may be impt from vector control POV esp for those whose sexual partners are pregnant
Cost of Zika Testing
Pregnant women:
- free for zika +ve or male partners who are ZIka +ve
Non-pregnant
- subsidised patients at the public healthcare institutions: subsidised rate of $60 if they have Zika symptoms regardless of where they live, work or study. (refer MSW if needed)
- private patients in the public healthcare institutions, and patients at private clinics and private hospitals - full cost of $150 for the Zika test.
What is the Infectious Disease Act Singapore (1977)
1) It provides for the notification of specified infectious diseases
2) empowers the Director of Medical Services to order medical examination and treatment of any person who is or suspected to be a case, carrier or contact of an infectious disease, post-mortem examination of any person who has died while being or suspected of being a case, carrier or contact of an infectious disease, epidemiological surveys and investigations into outbreaks to be carried out
3) close premises/food establishments suspected of being a source of transmission.
4) allows the Minister to declare an area (whether in Singapore or elsewhere) to be an infected area if there is reason to believe that a dangerous infectious disease may be introduced into Singapore through or from that area
5) ID Act requires every child in Singapore to be vaccinated against diphtheria and measles.
6) It permits the Minister to order mandatory vaccination of at-risk persons during any disease outbreaks, when an outbreak is imminent or when it is necessary to secure public safety.
7) Medical practitioners are required under the Act to make records and notify vaccinations carried out by them or carried out under their supervision
Notification of Infectious Disease
1) Electronic Notification System (CD-LENS)
https://www.cdlens.moh.gov.sg/cdlens
2) Filling up and faxing the MD131 form
