Spanish Verb Tenses 13

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Preterite Tense

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When to use

1 _____
2 _____
3 _____

1. specific instance of time
you drank last night

2. specific period of time
I studied for 2 hours

3. specific number of times
she called twice

Regular conjugation patterns
__, __, __, __, ., __ ( *ar )
__, __, __, __, .. __ ( *er, *ir )

Irregular conjugation pattern
__, __, __, __, ., __ ( *ar, *er, *ir )

é, aste, ó, amos, ., aron
í, iste, ió, imos, ., ieron

e, iste, o, imos, ., ieron

( bailar )
yo __, tú __, ella __, nosotros __, ., ellas __
( comer )
yo __, tú __, usted __, nosotros __, ., ellos __
( vivir )
yo __, tú __, él __, nosotros __, ., ellas __

bailé, bailaste, bailó, bailamos, ., bailaron
comí, comiste, comió, comimos, ., comieron
viví, viviste, vivió, vivimos, ., vivieron

Regular verbs with orthographic changes
*gar
*car
*zar

In preterite, these changes apply to yo form only

*gar > add u to the stem
*car > change c to qu
*zar > change z to c

Orthographic change examples:

_____ ( llegar )
_____ ( pagar )
_____ ( buscar )
_____ ( tocar )
_____ ( empezar )
_____ ( rezar )

llegué
pagué
busqué
toqué
empecé
recé

Irregular verbs ( 11 patterns )

_____ ( andar, estar, tener )

_____ ( caber, saber, haber, poder, poner )

_____ ( hacer, venir, querer )

*uv* ( anduv*, estuv*, tuv* )
*u* ( cup*, sup*, hub*, pud*, pus* )
*i* ( hic*, vin*, quis* )

note: remember orthographic change of c to z

andar, estar, tener
( anduv*, estuv*, tuv* )

____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, ., anduvieron
estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, ., estuvieron
tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, ., tuvieron

caber, saber, haber, poder, poner
( cup*, sup*, hub*, pud*, pus* )

____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, ., cupieron
supe, supiste, supo, supimos, ., supieron

hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, ., hubieron
pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, ., pudieron
puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, ., pusieron

hacer, venir, querer
( hic*, vin*, quis* )

____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, ., hicieron
vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, ., vinieron
quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, ., quisieron

ser = ir
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

fui ( I was, I went )
fuiste ( you were, you went )
fue ( s/he was, s/he went )
fuimos ( we were, we went )
.
fueron ( they were, they went )

decir, traer ( j manipulation )

____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, ., dijeron
traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, ., trajeron

atraer, distraer, retraer, sustraer follow the same

dar . ver
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____

di, diste, dio, dimos, ., dieron
vi, viste, vio, vimos, ., vieron

Stem changers ( *ir )

o > u
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( dormir )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( morir )
e > i
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( mentir )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( sentir )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( pedir )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( seguir )

In preterite, only the 3rd person form is affected

., ., durmió, ., ., durmieron
., ., murió, ., ., murieron

., ., mintió, ., ., mintieron
., ., sintió, ., ., sintieron
., ., pidió, ., ., pidieron
., ., siguió, ., ., siguieron

Another orthographic change ( i > y )

., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( caer )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( creer )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( leer )
., ., ____, ., ., ____ ( oír )

In *er and *ir when a vowel precedes the ending ( eg leer ), 3rd person i to y

., ., cayó, ., ., cayeron
., ., creyó, ., ., creyeron
., ., leyó, ., ., leyeron
., ., oyó, ., ., oyeron

note: *traer are exceptions dealt seperately

The *ucir verbs
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____ ( conducir )
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____ ( introducir )
____, ____, ____, ____, ., ____ ( reducir )

conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, ., condujeron
introduje, introdujiste, introdujo, introdujimos, ., introdujeron
reduje, redujiste, redujo, redujimos, ., redujeron

Special meaning in preterite

_____ ( conocer )
_____ ( poder ), _____ ( no poder )
_____ ( querer ), _____ ( no querer )

_____ ( saber )
_____ ( sentir )
_____ ( tener )

conocí ( met )
pudo ( managed ), no pudo ( failed )
quise ( tried ), no quise ( refused )

supiste ( found out )
sentí ( regretted )
tuvo anoche ( had last night : at a certain time )