HNO3
Strong Acid
HNO3 --> H+ + NO3-
pH = -log[H+]
HOCN
Ka = 3.5 e-4
weak acid
hydrolyze
ICE
Ca(OH)2
Strong Base
Ca(OH)2 --> Ca2+ + 2OH-
OH- = 2x Ca(OH)2 (ratio)
pOH
pH
HN3
Ka = 1.8 e-5
weak acid
hydrolyze
ICE
H2O2
Ka = 1.8 e-12
Weak acid
hydrolyze
ICE
N2H4
Kb = 9.6 e-7
weak base
hydrolyze
ICE
C5H5N
Kb = 1.5 e-9
weak base
hydrolyze
ICE
KCN
Ka = 6.2 e-10 (HCN)
Salt
KCN --> K+ + CN-
CN- is weak base hydrolyze
KaKb = Kw
ICE
(CH3)2NH
Kb = 9.6 e-4
weak base
hydrolyze
ICE
NaOCl
Ka = 3.0 e-8 (HOCl)
NaOCl -- Na+ + OCl-
hydrolyze OCl- (WB)
ICE
KaKb = Kw
pOH, pH
C5H5NHCl
Kb= 1.5 e-9 (C5H5N)
C5H5NHCl--> C5H5NH+ +Cl-
C5H5NH+ is WA hydrolyze
KaKb = Kw
ICE
CH3NH3Br
Kb = 4.4 e-4 (CH3NH2)
salt
CH3NH3Br --> CH3NH3+ + Br-
CH3NH3 is WA, hydrolyze
KaKb = Kw
ICE
HOCl/ NaOCl
Ka = 3.0 e-8
Buffer
pH = pKa + log (b/a)
HC4H3N2O3/KC4H3N2O3
Ka = 9.8 e-5
Buffer
pH = pKa + log(b/a)
(CH3)3N/ (CH3)3NHBr
Kb = 7.4 e-5
Buffer
KaKb = Kw
pH = pKa + log(b/a)
NH3/ NH4Cl
Kb = 1.8 e-5
Buffer
KaKb = Kw
pH = pKa + log(b/a)
HCl + KOH
Strong acid Strong Base
dilute
neutralize (ICF)
use excess to find pH
Sr(OH)2 + HNO3
Strong acid Strong Base
dilute
neutralize (ICF)
use excess to find pH
(watch ratio!)
[HOCl] > [KOH]
weak acid/ strong base
before equivalence
dilute
neutralize (ICF)
ICE (Buffer!)
[N2H4] > [HCl]
weak base/ strong acid
before equivalence
dilute
neutralize (ICF)
ICE (Buffer!)
[N2H4] = [HCl]
weak base/ strong acid
at equivalence
dilute
neutralize (ICF)
salt of conjugate acid
KaKb = Kw
ICE
1/2[HOCl] = [KOH]
weak acid/ strong base
half-way to equivalence
pH = pKa