One of two or more versions of a gene
Allele
The identification My humans of desirable trait in plants and animal
Asexual reproduction
A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell made up of protein and Dna organized into genes each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosome
Chromosome
Relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive one version of a gene , called an allele from each parent
codominance
Cell or organism that has paired chromosomes one from each parent
Diploid
Deoxyribonucleic acid is the hereditary material in human and almost all other organism
Dna
Show their effect even if the individual only has one copy of the allele
Dominant
The process of union of two gametes
fertilization
A mature haploid male or female reproductive cell
gamete
A segment DNA that contain instructions passed from parent to offspring and contain the information needed to specify traits
Gene
The study of genes and heredity
genetics
An individual’s collection of genes the code
genotype
The quality of a cell of organism having a single set of chromosomes organism that reproduce asexually are haploid
Haploid
Characteristics or traits are passed from parents to offspring
heredity
The presence of two different alleles
Heterozygous
The presence of two identical alleles
Homozygous
Both alleles of a heterozygote influence the phenotype the phenotype is usually intermediate between the two homozygous phenotype
Incomplete dominance
The process by which genetic information is passed on from parent to child
inheritance
A process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information
Meiosis
A process where single cell divides into two identical daughter cells
mitosis
A random change in a gene
Mutation
A hybrid between two species that only have a difference of one gene
monohybrid
Where the dna is located
nucleus
Any living plant animal of human being
offspring
A genetic representation of a family tree that diagrams the inheritance of trait or disease through several generations
pedigree
An individual’s observable traits such as height eye color and blood type
Phenotype
The act of transferring pollen grains from the male another of a flower to the female stigma
Pollination
How likely something is to happen
probability
A graphical representation used to determine the probability of an offspring expressing a particular genotype
Punnett square
Comparison of two numbers
Ratios
Producing little or no phenotype effect when occurring in heterozygous condition with a contrasting allele
Recessive
The production of offspring there are two main form sexual and asexual reproduction
Reproduce
Selecting parents that have characteristics of interest in the hope that their offspring inherit those desirable characteristics
Selective breeding
When the sperm from the male parent fertilizes an egg from the female parent , producing an offspring that is genetically different from both parent
Sexual reproduction
A specific characteristic of an organism
traits
The dna sequence in each of our genomes what makes us all unique whether in terms of hair color skin color or even the shape of our faces
Variation
The cell that is formed when a female reproductive cell and a male reproductive cell join
Zygote
Any living plant animal or human being
organism