French grammar concepts

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Masculine singular possessives

mon
ton
son
notre
votre
leur

Feminine singular possessives

Ma
Ta
Sa
notre
votre
leur

Plural posessives

Mes
tes
ses
nos
vos
leurs

this (masculine, feminine, plural)

Ce, cette, ces

Most verbs are conjugated in the passe compose with avoir

Some are conjugated with etre: naitre, mourir, tomber, devenir, rester, monter, descendre, arriver, entrer, venir, revenir, rentrer, retourner, aller, sortir, partir, passer

Prepositions of place: en vs au/aux depends on the gender of the place

en = feminine country or state
au/aux = masculine country or state

Most countries that end in e are feminine

En Australie
En Grece
En Argentine

"A" is always used with cities, regardless of gender

A Paris
A Seattle

Most adjectives come after the noun: la maison blue

Exceptions: numbers (deux, deuxieme), petit/grand, bon/mauvais, beau/joli, court/long, prochain/dernier, jeune/vieux, vrai/faux

Qui: verb comes right after

Le telephone qui ne marche pas
Un chateau qui a ete construit en 1960

Que: subject/person comes right after

Le livre que nous avons achete
L'appartement qu'ils ont choisi

Ou: place or time

La maison ou le grand-pere est ne
Le mois ou je prends des vacances

Translate: It's my neighbor who walks my dog

C'est mon voisin qui promene mon chien

Translate: The project that we presented

Le projet que nous avons presente

Translate: They arrived the day when I was absent

Ils ont arrives le jour ou j'etais absent

Translate: The store where we bought this table

Le magasin ou nous avons achete cette table

Dont: used in phrases constructed with "de"

Elle m'a donne cette table dont elle n'avait pas plus besoin (avoir besoin de)
C'est le cours dont je suis contente (je suis contente de ce cours)

Il y a + time = action completed in the past (it has been)

Depuis + time = action started in the past and continues in the present (since)

Translate: I moved here a year ago

J'ai demenage ici il y a un an

Translate: I have been waiting an hour

J'attends depuis une heure

Translate: He has been looking for a job since the month of September

Il cherche un emploi depuis le mois de septembre

Translate: He called me 3 days ago

Il m'a contacte il y a trois jours

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